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March 2020 (International Review of Business Research Papers)

March

2020

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September 2018
March 2020 (International Review of Business Research Papers)

Total Articles - 14

Pages

Pages 1– 15

Author: Luigi Buzzacchi and Luca Ghezzi

The stage of strategic asset allocation is the most important one in a process of portfolio management: asset classes are selected and target weights are set. Careful decision-making benefits from the computation of an efficient frontier. In this work, weights are nonnegative and rebalanced once a year; portfolio returns are time uncorrelated and lognormal. Anovel sufficient condition is obtained, whereby efficient portfolios based on linear returns may turn into efficient portfolios based on logarithmic returns. If that is met, the efficient frontier based on logarithmic returns is upward sloping, stretching from a corner portfolio with global minimum-variance to acorner portfolio with global maximum-variance. Such a complementary efficient frontier allows a decision maker to forecast the long-term portfolio value. The null hypothesis of lognormal portfolio returns is also tested by using two different data sets. It is always rejected in the latter; it is either accepted or rejected in the former, depending on the specific efficient portfolio.

Pages 16– 33

Author: Mohammed Alajmi, Masoud Mohammadian and Majharul Talukder

Smart government systems are emerging technologies that are being used in many fields of endeavor, such as companies in the public and private sectors. Smart government systems consist of many parts, which play diverse roles in the success of smart government adoption of technologies. The most important factors are technological, organizational, environmental, and social in character, and good preparation has implications for government decision- and policymakers. The aim of this research is to investigate the adoption of smart government systems and their impact on the public sector in Saudi Arabia (SA). Not many studies have examined the factors that are critical to the acceptance of smart government systems. This research involves IT employees who work in the public sector, and their opinions on the adoption of smart government systems. This research integrates three models into one conceptual model, namely, the organization, and environment (TOE) framework, technology acceptance model (TAM), and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) theories. This research will employ a quantitative approach (survey) for data collection. It provides a method of obtaining quantitative results suitable for later statistical analysis. The research model developed in this study integrates technology models adoption to comprehensively explain the major dimensions, which are technological, organizational, environmental, and social. Importantly, demographic factors play a role in this study and these will serve as moderators influencing IT employees’ perceptions and the expected outcomes of adopting smart government systems.

Pages 34– 54

Author: Mainul Islam Chowdhury and Sunny Rabiul Karim

Rapid innovations in the financial sector is changing the characteristics of different macroeconomic variables like the money demand function. There has been several studies to investigate the determinants of money demand in Bangladesh but none has emphasized on the impact of financial innovation on the money demand function. The main focus of this paper is to fill that gap by answering the following question “Does financial innovations have a significant impact on the demand for money?” The paper employs the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model and the Error Correction Model (ECM) to investigate the long-term and short-term impact of financial innovations on the money demand function in Bangladesh. Determining a money demand function is crucial for the effectiveness of monetary policy. This study finds a strong and significant positive relationship between money demand and financial innovations in Bangladesh. Money demand also responds positively to the industrial production index (a proxy for economic activity). Inflation, on the other hand, has a strong and significant negative relationship with money demand. Interest rate and exchange rate does not seem to have a significant impact on money demand in Bangladesh.

Pages 55– 76

Author: A.S.M. Helal Siddiqui and M. Masudur Rahman

The Sundarbans is the single tract largest mangrove forest in the whole world. The forest occupies the south-west corner of Bangladesh. The forest cover an area of 6,017 km2, of which 4143 km2 are landmass and remaining 1874 km2 are under water bodies. The Sundarbans has a high biodiversity value in which is tidally inundated twice a day. Prain (1903) reported 334 species belonging to 245 genera of spermatophytes and pteridophytes. Chaffey et al. (1985) listed 66 species. Helalsiddiqui (1998) listed 130 species and 230 species (Helalsiddiqui , 2009) which are not all the mangroves. As regards plants, Bangladesh has 28 true mangrove species against occurrence of 70 species in the world. The seedlings recruitments in different periods of the major mangrove species vary significantly. The regeneration density after Chaffey et al., (1985) showed 38,390 per hectare. The result of regeneration study during the year 1996 to 2001 showed that yearly seedlings recruitment were 42,857, 29,129 and 25,324 per hectare per year in the less, moderately and strongly saline zones respectively. According to Siddiqi (1994), the seedlings recruitment was 27,750 per hectare per year. The another report by Hasnin the regeneration was 31,420 seedlings per hectare per year. Average seedlings recruitment in the year 2010 was found 33,133/ha/year. On the other hand the average total regeneration in the 2012 was 29,444 /ha/year of different major mangrove species. It was observed that the newly recruited regeneration in the different permanent sample plots (33 PSPs of Mangrove Silviculture Division of the Bangladesh Forest Research Institute) total regeneration was26,774(2015) to 35,566(2017) per /year/ha. of different major mangrove species from analyzed data in 2010 to 2019.The lowest regeneration recruitment of the different species was 27,750 per hectare per year. On the other hand the highest recruitment was 38,390 per hectare per year. In the Sundarbans the regeneration depends on the salinity zone and differs from location to location

Pages 77– 98

Author: Monica Giancotti, Seher Nur Sulku, Vito Pipitone and Marianna Mauro

The Italian National Health System has experienced a turnaround since 2007, following the development of formal regional recovery plans aimed at reducing healthcare expenditures in the public spending of the weakest regions. With the season of these recovery plans, the Italian Health System started a process of reorganization of the hospital sector. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of Italian public hospitals for the period 2010–2013 and to study the effect of the regional recovery plans on the hospitals' productivity. Technical and scale efficiency of 41 public hospitals were analyzed using data envelopment analysis and Malmquist index. t-test was applied to compare hospital efficiencies across regions with and without recovery plans. Results showed that most of the Italian public hospitals were inefficient. They could improve their performance by reducing the amount of inputs used. Regional recovery plans have not improved hospital efficiency. However, compared to those without recovery plans, the mean efficiency of hospitals has not worsened. Thus, the reforms reached their aim of decreasing public health spending without weakening hospital efficiency. Evaluating the effect of health system reforms on hospital efficiency is crucial for improving the efficiency of the entire healthcare system. This research contributes to the debate about this topic by offering evidence from the Italian context.

Pages 99– 116

Author: Kuldeep Nagi

In Thailand, the increasingly burdensome regulations and oversight mechanisms imposed by state agencies have contributed to a compliance-oriented culture of research in most universities. Any deviation from the stipulated practices can result in swift action by state agencies, such as the Office of Higher Education Commission (OHEC) and Office for National Education Standards and Quality Assessment (ONESQA). This paper draws on relevant data from secondary sources, such as QS Rankings, Google Scholar Transparency Citation Index, IMD, and SCImago Journal and Country Rank from the Scopus database (Elsevier B.V) and also includes primary data from a survey conducted in May 2019. The survey results indicate that Thai universities must enhance incentives, such as grants, scholarships, assistantship, and improve advising skills of Thai faculty, attract foreign talent, and improve Ph.D. operations by providing rich online resources and focus intensely on efficient management of graduate programs.

Pages 117– 136

Author: Surajit Sarbabidya

Social media has redefined the ways through which brand was developed earlier. Now-a-days repeat and integrated use of social media including blogging, micro-blogging, photo-sharing, video-sharing and social networking sites have been very useful in creating a favorable and long-lasting branding image of the organizations.It is also now a common online media strategy in the leading firms of various industries. From this perspective the current study is an attempt to examine the role of social media in B2B brand development with special reference to Ready Made Garments (RMG) industry of Bangladesh. The current study is the embodiment of both primary and secondary data collection and their analyses in which, the secondary data have been collected from the recently published research findings and the primary data have been collected during the month of October 1, 2019 to November 30, 2019 from the sample size of125 respondents including IT officials and merchandisers of 10 RMG factories in Bangladesh using judgment sampling method through a structured and self-administered questionnaire based extensive survey. The current study found four components which enable social media based business-to-business (B2B) brand development for the RMG factories in Bangladesh through increased employee and customer awareness and engagement via content creation and sharing, viral marketing, user generated content, integrated marketing campaigns via photo sharing, video sharing and document sharing sites, etc.; customized and personalized services through two-way interactive and facilitative communication via live chat; enhanced relationships with the customers; electronic word of mouth (eWOM), channel integration and above all technological, socio-cultural, ethical, political & legal and environmental compliance. Thus, social media can be considered to enable holistic marketing to ensure B2B brand development by the Bangladeshi RMG industry in general and respective RMG factories in particular.

Pages 137– 159

Author: Nazia Zaman Chowdhury and Sakib Bin Amin

In the recent decades, the relationship between environmental problems and trade remains the most controversial topics for the economic literature. When trade increases, the consumption of fuels also increases which are heavily used in generation of energy, transport and industry. A large amount of population uses the small area of arable land to cut down trees for energy, as a result, carbon emissions increases. So, the aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between trade openness, GDP growth, population and carbon emissions in case of South Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) by using panel data over the period of 1980-2014. Panel unit root test, panel co integration, panel granger non-causality test, panel VECM test and DOLS estimator has been used to analyze the association between carbon emissions and selected macro-economic variables. The result of panel unit root test shows that variables are stationary at the first difference. The Johansen co-integration test reveals that all variables are co-integrated in the long run. In Panel Granger non-causality test, the unidirectional causality exists running from GDP growth and population to carbon emissions, whereas, trade openness does not cause carbon emissions in the long run. On the other hand, panel VECM results reveal that trade openness and population has no causal link with carbon emissions, but GDP causes carbon emissions in the short run. The result obtain from DOLS estimator shows the negative impact of trade openness and GDP growth on carbon emissions, however, population has positive impact on carbon emissions. Lastly, overall results do not show the presence of U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The proper policies should be taken to reduce the carbon emissions and improve trade situation.

Pages 160– 176

Author: Md. Mehedi Hasan, Md. Alal Uddin, Md. Abdul Alim, Md. Rafique Azad and Md. Borak Ali

In today’s stiff competitive business world and saturated market condition forces, every marketer needs to make a consumer loyal to their brand to survive the businesses. Telecommunication industry is not exceptional to them. This study investigated the effects of corporate image, service quality, customer satisfaction, and perceived value to examine consumer loyalty. The study surveyed 237 students using random sampling method by the means of systematic random sampling method. Partial Least Squares-based Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyse the collected data. The estimation revealed that corporate image, perceived value, and consumer satisfaction have a significant direct effect on consumer loyalty, while service quality does not have. Furthermore, service quality, and perceived value have a positive direct effect on consumer satisfaction, whereas, corporate image does not positively relate. The relationship of corporate image, perceived value on consumer loyalty significantly mediated by consumer satisfaction. However, the mediation effect of consumer satisfaction does not exist between the relationship of service quality and consumer loyalty. In addition, the study also tests the moderation effect of trust which have positively affect between the relationship of consumer satisfaction and loyalty. These findings provide new insights into this areas of studies. The discussions, implications, and limitations of this study are also stated.

Pages 177– 201

Author: Syed Mortuza Asif Ehsan and Shaharia Akter

The rural households in Bangladesh are vulnerable to several adverse shocks, whose impacts might depend on the socio-economic status, and other regional and physical factors. In this paper, utilizing micro econometric techniques and a rich dataset, the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) 2015, we investigate how adverse shocks impact female labor force participation in rural areas of Bangladesh. Results obtained from the analyses show households with larger household size, outstanding loans, less education, assets, productive lands, and income, are more vulnerable. Econometrically estimated results suggest that the female household members are significantly more likely to participate in the labor force if the household is adversely affected by a hazard, and such impact is the largest for natural shocks. Additionally, we conclude the likelihood of female labor force participation declines with household-heads’ employment. This paper contributes to the existing literature providing a better understanding of the linkages between adverse shocks and female labor force participation in rural Bangladesh. Results obtained in this paper have important implications for improving shock resilience and poverty alleviation of the vulnerable rural population in Bangladesh.

Pages 202– 215

Author: Adib Ahmed, Sakib Bin Amin and Abdul M Khan

The Tourism industry is considered as one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. The main objective of this paper is to provide a short-run estimation of tourism receipts for Bangladesh. Considering the annual tourist receipts from 1973 to 2017 and following the Box-Jenkins approach, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model has been applied for the short-term forecasting of tourism receipts in Bangladesh. Different ARIMA models are analyzed, and the best fitting ARIMA (0,1,1) model is constructed based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Our results reveal that a 76% increase in tourism receipts in 2021 than in 2017 and a 188%increase in 2025.

Pages 216– 230

Author: Surajit Sarbabidya and Trina Saha

The global economic affairs have brought both opportunities and challenges for the commercial arenas in which financial market is also not an exception. But some employees in the financial market put their efforts to achieve their target in ethical manner while the other group aims to fulfill their materialistic gains in any manner even if that is unethical. Such behavior often leads to competitive advantages or ethical crises or challenges in a wide range of financial institutions, which, in turn, reflects the success or failure of an economic and social model based on certain ethical assumptions. With this end in view, this paper aims to review the ethical factors of the banking, insurance and investment industries representing the financial market. The present study found various ethical factors which influence the performance of the financial institutions. Such factors include commitment or their lacking to high ethical standards, authentic as well as false financing schemes or rumors for selfish gain, appropriate or overestimation of projected revenue, evil nexus of employees with customers, punctuality or delay in sanctioning loans, compliance or ignoring financial guidelines, informative as well as untrue advertisements, half-truths and nondisclosure of material information regarding what the policy covers, credibility of the agents and brokers, etc. This study concludes with recommendations of effective solution to enhance ethical reputation of the respective financial entities in one hand and counter the bad impact of the unethical factors on the other hand.

Pages 231– 248

Author: Surajit Sarbabidya and Tama Saha

The use of robots in live chats often known as chatbots is an emerging, smart and readily adoptable technology. It is also now a common customer service strategy as this is very much beneficial in rendering various customer services such as one-to-one conversations, customized offer, responsive customer service through 24/7/365 availability, etc. From this perspective the current study is an attempt to examine the role of chatbot in customer service of the banking industry of Bangladesh. The current study is the embodiment of both primary and secondary data collection and their analyses in which, the secondary data have been collected from the recent research findings and the primary data have been collected during the month of September 1, 2019 to November 30, 2019 from the sample size of 125 respondents including users and employees of digital banking service providers using judgment sampling method through a structured and self-administered questionnaire. The current study found the feasibility of using chatbots because of its varied forms of benefits in rendering customer service which include i) gathering feedback and suggestions from the customers via simple question-answer interaction so that the lead page of the website of the concerned organization can be improved, ii) assisting users in navigation on the site, to limit the amount of clicks and to shorten the time to reach the desired information or product so that social relationships and emotional bond with customers can be built by increasing their confidence in the company, iii) using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to give unique feel in human-like conversations and personalized response to its customers and many more. Thus, chatbots centric services can be considered to enable effective customer service and thus ensure business growth and development of the online banking in Bangladesh.

Total Articles- 14

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